Churn.



No. 675,598. Patented lune 4, |90l. A. HAWORTH.

CHURN.

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Patented June 4, |901.` A. HAWORTH.

C H U R N (Application filed Sept. 13, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Mndel.)

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drains nrnNT OFFICE.

ALLEN HAORTH, OF HILLSBORO, OREGON.

CHURN.

forming' part of Letters Patent N0. 675,598, dated J une 4, 1901.

Application led September 13,1900. Serial No. 29,890. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that l, ALLEN l-IAWORTH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hillsboro, in the county of lVashington, State of Oregon,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and l. dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in churns of that class whichemploy vertical dashers driven from a common operating mechanism.

One object o the invention is to provide an improved construction andarrangement of the dashers by which the cream is violently agitated in amanner to cause eddying currents which intersect one with the other,Wherebythe particles of butter are freed and the operation of churning`is greatly facilitated.

A further object of the invention is to construct the churn vessel in amanner to break up the currents of the cream created by the action ofthe dashers, the latter being arranged to direct the cream inwardlytoward the axis of rotation of the dashers themselves, whereby the creamis made to pursue such paths as will tend to separate the butterparticles quickly.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear in thecourse of the subjoined description, and the novelty in the constructionand arrangement of parts will be delined by the claims.

ln the drawings hereto annexed, forming a part of this specilication,Figure 1 is a perspective view of a double-dasher churn embodying myimprovements. Fig. 2 is a ver tical central sectional vien7 thereof.Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section taken in the plane of the dottedline 3 3 on Fig. Fig. 4e is a detail vertical section taken in the planeoi'l the dotted line d et on Fig. 2, illustrating the two-part cover andthe clamp for locking the cover members in place. Fig. 5 is a detailperspective view of one of the dashers re moved from the churn vessel.

The same numerals of reference are used to indicate like parts in theseveral iigures of the drawings.

The churn vessel lO has its end portions made cu rved in crossssectionat 11 12, as shown more clearly by Fig. 3, and these curved Walls meetor intersect to form the crests 13 14, the latter being located at themiddle of the vessel and on opposite sides thereof. Said ves; sel may bemade of sheet metal or any other suitable material, and it has animperforate bottom, which at suitable points is provided With thestep-bearings 15 1G, each bearing being located at the center of thecircle which bounds one-half or the curved portion 12 or 13 of saidvessel.

The upper portion of the vessel is open for the ready introduction ofthe tWo vertical dashers, presently described, and said open end of thevessel is intended to be tightly closed by a cover or lid, which in theexample shown is composed of two members 0r sections 17 18, said membersmeeting each other at the middle ofthe vessel. (See Fig. 4.) Said covermembers are rabbeted at their edges to form the shoulders 19, by whichthey rest upon the churn vessel, and said members of the cover areprovided in their edges with matching recesses, adapted to form theopenings through Wliich the flasher-staffs may project. The two covermembers are held in place by means of a locking-bar 19, arranged acrossthe cover, at the middle thereof, and said bar is provided with anupturned end 20, which is fitted in a loop or keeper 2l, the lat terbeing secured to the vessel, on one side thereof. The other end of thelocking-bar is engaged by a shouldered catch 22, which has a hinged orpivotal connection at 23 with a strap or plate 2l, which is secured tothe other side of the vessel. Itis evident that the catch may be throwndown on its hinge 23 to withdraw the shoulder from the locking-bar, andthe latter may then be removed from the keeper and from the cover, andfinally the members of said cover may be taken off the vessel, thuspermitting of the easy removal of the dashers for the purpose ofcleansing the latter. The dashers and the cover may be replaced and thelocking contrivance again adjusted when it is desired to use the churn.

The dashers 2' 2G are placed in the churn vessel to occupy verticalpositions substantially parallel one to the other, and said dashers areadapted to rotate in circular paths and IOO in'such relation that thepath of the blades on one Ydasher intersects with the path described bytheV blades on the other dasher. (See Fig. 3.) Each dasher consists of astaff 27, the upper and lower bars 28 2f), and the vertical blades 303l, all arranged as shown more clearly by Figs. 3 and 5. The bars 23 2,9are secured to the staff 27 at proper intervals and so as to lieparallel to each other, and each bar has its end portions bent at anangle, as at 32 33, said angular ends extending in opposite directionsfrom the dasherstaft'. The vertical blades 30 3l are attached to theseangular ends of the bars, so that they will face in opposite directionsand act on the cream in a manner to give the same a movement toward theplane of the axis of rotation ofthe dasher. The bars 28 29 are notsecured centrallyto the dasher-staff, but they are atj tached theretomore to one side than the other, s .whereby the blade 3l lies closer tothe staff than the other blade, 30, and the two blades are adapted tocreate different currents in' the cream. The dasher 25 is arranged inthe vessel so that its minor axis will in a given position of .bothdashers lie in a plane at right angles to the corresponding axis of theother dasher, 26, (see Fig. 3,) and thus the two dashers vare adapted todescribe circular paths which intersect.

The staifs 27 of the dashers are projected orextended above thelongitudinally-divided cover in order that the upper extremities mayVftndbearings in the overhanging blocks 34, Whichare supported by thestandards 35 on one cover member. Each dasher-staff has a Abevelgear-pinion 36, and the pinions of the two dasher-staffs are arranged tomesh with the bevel driving-gears 36,which are attached to theoperating-shaft 37, the latter beingjour- Analed in suitable bearings ofthe blocks 34 `and `being provided with a crank-handle 38.

F-rom the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings,it will be seen that I have provided a dasher operating ordrivi-ngmechanism adapted to make the two dashers rotate simultaneouslyin opposite directions. This has the effect of making the currentAcreated by the action of one dasher impinge the current of the otherdasher, besides .commingling the two currents. Furthermore, the currentsof the dashers sweep against the crests of the churn vessel. Thebladesof each dasher lie at dilferent distances from the staff, so as tomake each dasher generate different currents, and on the whole the creamis so violently agitated that the butter particles are separated moreexpeditiously and fthechurning operation is accomplished in less timeand with greater ease. This result is vdue to the fact that two bla-desare used in .each dasher, the blades being arranged at such an angle asto tend to move the material toward the axis of rotation of the dasherand the blades following each other in such order that the two bladeshaving their paths of movement of equal diameters follow one another inpassing through the space between the two vertical axes. By thisconstruction the various currents formed Within the churn are broken upat a point toward which the material not in the direct path of movementof the blades is forced, owing to the fact that such blades direct thematerial toward the axis of rotation and the absence of an opposingblade on the opposite side of the shaft having the same radius. In otherwords, the material is directed toward the center of the churn, wherethe successive movements of the blades through the space between the twoshafts act continually to drive it to opposite ends of the churn, indoing which it is forced through the path of movement of an opposingblade. Thus the agitation at this point communicates with all parts ofthe churn, driving the material from the walls, and thus into the pathof movement of the blades, so that in all parts of Vthe chamber thematerial is being agitated with the greatest movement at a point midwayof the ends of the churn.

Changes within the scope of the appended claims may be made in the formand proportion of parts, -while their essential features are retainedand the spirit of the invention is embodied. Hence I do not desire to belimited to the precise form of all the parts as shown, reserving theright to vary therefrom.

I-Iaving thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new isl. Adouble-dasher churn comprising a vessel having curved end portionsjoined by inwardly-extending portions forming crests on opposite sidesof the chamber and midway thereof; vertically-extending dashers mountedwithin and substantially central of theend portions of the chamber, eachdasher having a pair of vertically-extending blades ixedly IOO mountedthereon and located at different distances from the axis of rotation ofthe dasher, said blades having a xed path of movement concentric withthe said axis, said paths being located intermediate the walls of thechamber and the axis of rotation, the path of `movements oftherespective blades passingthrough the path of each of the other blades,the two blades having a path of movement of equal diameter followingeach other in passing through the space between the axes of rotation ofthe respective dashers and means for imparting a simultaneous rotatorymovement to said dashers, whereby the center .of agitation will be at apoint intermediate the two axes of rotation, due solely to the passageof the blade of one dasher through the path of movement of thecorresponding blade of the other dasher.

2. A double-dasher churn comprising a vessel having the curved portionsforming the inwardly-projecting crests arranged on oppo site sides ofsaid vessel and at the middle portion of the chamber thereof, thevertical eccentrically-mounted dashers arranged in the respective curvedvessel portions and con; centric therewith, each dasher having the rei'verselydnclined blades facing in opposite directions and lying atdifferent distances from the axis of rotation of said dasher, saidblades having a fixed path of movement concentric with said axis, saidpaths of movement being" located intermediate the walls of the chamherand the axis of rotation of the dashers, said vertical blades and thedasher-staii' beingar joined rigidly together by short and long armswhich are on opposite sides of the dasherstaff, the two blades having apath of movement of equal diameter following each other in passingthrough the space between the axis of rotation of the respectivedashers, and a driving mechanism for rotating the two dasherssimultaneouslyin opposite directions, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

ALLEN HAWORTH.

Witnesses:

J. C. LAMKIN, O. C. ZooK.

